Mineral feedstuff



Patented Sept. 15, 1942 TAT MINERAL FEEDSTUFF Frederic H. Emery, Bedford, and Irene Levis, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, asslgnors of one-half to The Harshaw Chemical Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio, and one-half to Tennessee Eastman Corporation, Kingsport,

. Tenn., a corporation of Virginia No Drawing. Application April 23, 1941,

Serial No. 389,956

12 Claims. (Cl. 99-22) This invention relates to feedstuffs for cattle We believe that, complex reactions occur, but and other domestic animals and has for its whether this is true, and of the nature of such reprincipal object to make available to livestock actions, we are not certain. In any event, the breeders mineral feedstufi compositions containproduct is palatable to animals such as cattle and ing one or more of the metals manganese, cobalt, swine and the ingredients become closely asiron, copper, calcium, magnesium, and zinc in soclated at least physically and probably chemireadily assimilable and palatable form. A further cally, object is to provide a novel and highly effective The material may be fed to livestock alone or in process for producing such feedstuif compositions. admixture with other feedstuffs.

The present invention is not concerned with Among the protein materials we prefer to use the amounts of these metals to be fed to livestock soya bean meal, an article of commerce of fairly except insofar as the compositions of the invendefinite composition usually containing from 40% tion make possible the feeding of larger amounts to 46% protein, from 27% to 33% of carbohythan heretofore. Stock breeders will have their drates and from 0.1% to 2% of fatty matter.

own views as to amounts and proportions and The preferred sources of metals are the oxides, will. wish to rely upon the recommendations of hydrates, i. e. hydrated oxides or hydroxides and governmental and private experimenters. We are carbonates of calcium, magnesium, manganese, aware that various inorganic metal compounds cobalt, iron, copper and zinc. Other compounds have been tried but that diillculty has been exwhich can be used, although less desirable on perlenced in that only small quantities can be account of cost or effect on the palatability of included in feedstufis without rendering the same the product, are: manganese acetate, manganese unpalatable. Irrespective of the amounts of chloride, manganese sulfate, manganese silicate, these metals to be fed, a, need exists for cheap iron acetates, iron chlorides, iron lactates, ironv compositions containing one or a plurality ofv sulfates, cobalt chlorides, cobalt sulfates, copper them which will be palatable to livestock in conacetate and copper chlorides. The selection of centrations high enough to supply the animal suitable metal salts will be dictated mainly by with as much of the metals as considered desirconsiderations of cost and palatability of the ables. product. It is clear, of course, that highly toxic We have now discovered that we are able to materials such as the arsenates and cyanides canattain the foregoing and other objects and to not be used. meet the above indicated need by reacting one or Optimum proportions of metal compounds and more of the indicated metals and/or derivatives protein material are such that all the metals are thereof, e. g., metal salts, oxides and hydroxides, reacted and very little excess of protein mawith a suitable edible protein material such as terial remains. An excess of protein material is soya bean meal, dried skim milk, casein, fish not especially objectionable in the product except meal, or the like, and an edible protein splitting that large excesses represent unnecessary hanacid such as phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid. dling and processing. A small excess of unreactsulfuric acid or acetic acid. ed metals can be tolerated but is undesirable. A

Optionally, the protein ma r l may be Darsafe rule is to use just enough Protein material tially cracked or hydrolyzed with caustic alkali so that microscopic examination reveals substan- (e. g. NaOH) as a preliminary step ,whereby the tially no unreacted particles of metal compound quantity of acid required is reduced. The reaction in the product.

Product y b n u ralized, if desired, with cal- A suitable quantity of acid is from 1 to 1 cium 1 m n i m hy r or a m x ur thereof. times the molecular equivalent of the metal or such as dolomite hydrate. metals employed. The product may be ne The materials are intimately admixed, the acid. trallzed before drying. if desired. For this purpreferably being added after the metal salt or pose we may employ a suitable non-toxic alkaline salts and protein material have. been admixed. in material, e. g. calcium ormagnesium hydrates or the presence of water, preferably not more than mixtures thereof such as a hydrated dolomite. enough to produce a doughy mass, and themass 'Iricalcium phosphate is also suitable. y We have is dried at an elevated temperature low enough employed with good results a colloidal hydrated to avoid scorching the product, preferably C. dolomite known under the trade name, Kemidol. to 125 0., suitably about C. Preferably air The concentrated materials produced in -ac-'- at the desired temperature is forced through the cordance with the above described process are mass while it is being, stirred or tumbled. .65 suitable for admixture with other feedstufis in 'tive effect and that together in Example I To 100 pounds of water containing 0.3 oz. agaragar were added with stirring, 40 lbs. of manganese hydrate (Mn(OH) 2), 2 /2 lbs. of copper sulfate (CuSO45I-I2O), 6 lbs. of iron hydrate (Fe(OH)2) and 2 oz. of cobalt hydrate (Co (OH) 2) To the resulting suspension was added with stirring 135 lbs. of soya bean meal and finally 80 lbs. of 75% phosphoric acid were added. The reexamples will serve to suiting mixture was dried by aerating in air heated to approximately 100 C. The resulting product was a brown, dry, granular material of a somewhat acid character. We have found that this composition may be fed at the rate of one pound per cow per without noticeable laxagreater amounts are taken with apparent relish. Our experiments are not yet adequate to justify recommendation for feeding in greater quantities, but we have no reason for believing that cattle may not take considerably greater quantities without ill effects.

Example II The procedure in Example I was followed except that before drying, 25 lbs. of dolomite hydrate (Kemidol) was stirred in. The product was a gray, dry, granular material which was approximately neutral.

Example 111 To 135 lbs. of soya bean meal were added with stirring, in about 10 minutes, 9 lbs. of caustic soda dissolved in 227 lbs. of hot water. of freshly precipitated manganese basis), 2.1 lbs. of copper sulfate heptahydrate, 11 lbs. of iron chloridehexahydrate, and 1 oz. of cobalt sulfate (CQSO42'7H2O) were stirred into the partially cracked soya bean meal. Finally 44 lbs. of 75% phosphoric acid were added with stirring in about 10 minutes. The resulting mixtu'rewas aerated in air heated to approximately 100 C; The resulting product was a sensibly hydrate (dry dry, granular material of a yellow color and of a slightly acid reaction and having a salty taste.

' Example IV of Example I (or of the other exbe admixed with five times its The preduct 'amples') may weight of crushed corn and fed to cattle in that form. "Itmay, indeed, be admixed Wlth crushed corn,wheat bran and many other ieedstufis in Y any desired proportions, e.'g. from 5% to 50% by weight and will be found palatable, and the products of the other examples likewise.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is 1. A mineral ieedstufi in sensibly dry, solid state, being the product produced by heating the presence of moisture at least one compound of a metal of the class consisting of manganese, cobalt, iron, copper, calcium, magnesium and zinc, an edible protein material and a protein splitting acid;

2. A mineral feedstufi containing the product oi heating at from C. to 125 C. until sensibly mixture of (1) at least one comleast one metal of the class consisting of manganese, cobalt, iron, copper, calcium, magnesium and zinc, (2) an edible protein material, and (3) a protein splitting acid.

3. A mineral feedstufi containing the product of heating at from 60 C. to 125 C. a mixture containing, in addition to water, a manganese compound, soya bean meal and phosphoric acid.

4. A mineral feedstufi containing the product of heating at from 60 C. to 125 C. a mixture containing, in addition to water, a manganese compound, partially cracked soya bean proteins and a protein splitting acid.

5. A process of preparing a mineral feedstuff comprising forming a moist, intimate admixture of at least one heavy metal compound, soya bean meal and phosphoric acid and heating such mixture with agitation until a sens'bly dry, granular, solid material is produced.

6. A process of producing a mineral feedstufi comprising partially cracking an' edible protein material by alkaline hydrolysis, admixing the resulting product in the presence of water with at least one heavy metal compound and an edible protein splitting acid and drying the product.

'7. A process of preparing a mineral ieedstufi comprising forming a moist, intimate mixture of at least one edible metal compound, edible protein material and edible protein splitting acid and heating such mixture with agitation until a sensibly dry, granular material is produced.

'8. A sensibly dry, granular, solid mineral feedbeing the reaction product of at least one heavy metal, an edible protein material and a protein splitting acid, said l acted metal salts.

9. A process 01 comprising bringing together in intimate ture at least one metal compound, rial and water, then admixing edible protein splitting.acid in aqueous solution, the quantity of water added in both steps being such as to produce a doughy mass and then drying the mass by aerating at a temperature of from 60 C. to 125 C.

10. A process of preparing a mineral ieedstufl comprising intimately admixing at least one metal compound with edible protein material in quanti in excess of the quantity or metal compounds byweight, intimately admixing with the admixresulting mixture an edible protein splitting acid,

' taming, in

water being employed in at least one or the recited steps in quantity at least sufllcient to produce a stiff dough and drying the product at temperatures between 60 C. and C.

11. A mineral Ieedstufl being the product of heating at from 60 C. to 125 C. a mixture conaddition to water, a manganese compound, soya bean meal and phosphoric acid.

12. A mineral feedstufl being the product of heating at from 60 C. to 125 C. a mixture containing, in addition to water, a'manganese compound, partially cracked soya bean proteins and a protein splitting acid,

FREDERIC H. EMERY. IRENE LEVIS.

preparing a mineral ieedstuff I 

